Final test · 30 questions

Final test: Display screens and telework

30 questions with the explanation and the rule behind each answer. You pass with 24; if you pass, you download the PDF certificate right here.

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Missed a module? Review it first:

1. Who the display screen rules protect
2. What the employer must do: assess, breaks and training
3. Health checks and glasses for screen work
4. Screen and keyboard: distances and heights
5. Desk, chair and footrest
6. Light, reflections, noise and software
7. Tired eyes, posture and mental workload
8. Telework: agreement, equipment, costs and disconnection

Final test: 30 questions

Answer all 30 questions. You pass with 24 or more correct (80%). When it is marked you will see the explanation and the rule behind each answer. You can retake it as many times as you like.

1. Who does Royal Decree 488/1997 protect?Only IT staffAnyone who owns a mobile phoneThe worker who uses a screen habitually and for a significant part of their workOnly people who work more than 8 hours a day on screen

It is the definition of «worker» in article 2.c of the decree.

Source: Real Decreto 488/1997, sobre trabajos con equipos que incluyen pantallas de visualización (work with display screen equipment; consolidated text, in Spanish), article 2.c

2. How many hours a day does the decree set for someone to count as a screen «worker»?2 hoursNone: it sets no number of hours4 hours6 hours

The INSST guide explains that the line cannot be drawn with hours alone: attention, pace, breaks and so on also count.

Source: INSST, Guía técnica de pantallas de visualización (technical guide on display screens, 2021, in Spanish), comments on article 2

3. A laptop you use every day continuously at your desk…Is never covered, because it is a laptopIs covered only if it weighs over 2 kgIs covered only if you paid for itIs covered by the decree: the exception applies only if it is not used continuously at a workstation

Article 1.3.d excludes laptops as long as they are not used continuously at a workstation.

Source: Real Decreto 488/1997, sobre trabajos con equipos que incluyen pantallas de visualización (work with display screen equipment; consolidated text, in Spanish), article 1.3.d

4. Which of these is outside the scope of the decree?A cash registerAn office clerk's computerA call-centre agent's monitorA laptop used daily at a desk

Calculators, cash registers and equipment with a small display are excluded.

Source: Real Decreto 488/1997, sobre trabajos con equipos que incluyen pantallas de visualización (work with display screen equipment; consolidated text, in Spanish), article 1.3.e

5. Which risks must the assessment of a screen workstation look at in particular?Only power consumptionOnly noiseEyesight, physical problems and mental workload, and how they add upOnly fire risk

Article 3.2 names risks to eyesight, physical and mental-workload problems and their combined effect.

Source: Real Decreto 488/1997, sobre trabajos con equipos que incluyen pantallas de visualización (work with display screen equipment; consolidated text, in Spanish), article 3.2

6. If the assessment finds a risk, what must the employer do about continuous screen work?Nothing, if the worker does not complainReduce it: alternate with other tasks or, if that is not enough, set breaksMake the working day longerJust change the screen

Article 3.3 requires reducing the maximum length of continuous screen work through alternation or breaks.

Source: Real Decreto 488/1997, sobre trabajos con equipos que incluyen pantallas de visualización (work with display screen equipment; consolidated text, in Spanish), article 3.3

7. Where can the number and length of breaks be set?In the collective agreementIn the rental contractIn the Criminal CodeNowhere: breaks are forbidden

Article 3.4 allows collective agreements to set how often, how long and how breaks and task changes are organised.

Source: Real Decreto 488/1997, sobre trabajos con equipos que incluyen pantallas de visualización (work with display screen equipment; consolidated text, in Spanish), article 3.4

8. When must your employer train you on using screen equipment?Only if you ask in writingOnly when you retireOnce every ten yearsBefore you start and whenever the workstation changes noticeably

Article 5.3 requires it before starting and whenever the organisation of the workstation changes noticeably.

Source: Real Decreto 488/1997, sobre trabajos con equipos que incluyen pantallas de visualización (work with display screen equipment; consolidated text, in Spanish), article 5.3

9. Who pays for that training?The workerThe employer: the cost can never fall on the workerHalf eachThe mutual insurer

Prevention training is given during working hours and its cost never falls on workers.

Source: Ley 31/1995, de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales (Law on the Prevention of Occupational Risks, in Spanish), article 19.2

10. When must health surveillance for screen work be offered to you?Only when signing the contractOnly once you are on sick leaveBefore you start, then at regular intervals, and when problems appearNever: it is not provided for

These are the three moments in article 4.1: before, as often as the doctor decides, and when problems appear.

Source: Real Decreto 488/1997, sobre trabajos con equipos que incluyen pantallas de visualización (work with display screen equipment; consolidated text, in Spanish), article 4.1

11. If you need special glasses for screen work and normal ones will not do, who pays?You, alwaysSocial Security, half eachNobody: there are no special glassesThe employer, free of charge for you

Article 4.3 requires special corrective devices to be provided free if health surveillance shows they are needed.

Source: Real Decreto 488/1997, sobre trabajos con equipos que incluyen pantallas de visualización (work with display screen equipment; consolidated text, in Spanish), article 4.3

12. What should the screen image be like?Flickering to keep you alertAlways black and whiteStable, without flashing or flickerWith fixed brightness you cannot change

The annex requires a stable image without flashing, flicker or other instability, and adjustable brightness and contrast.

Source: Real Decreto 488/1997, sobre trabajos con equipos que incluyen pantallas de visualización (work with display screen equipment; consolidated text, in Spanish), annex, point 1.b

13. According to the INSST guide, what is the minimum distance between screen and eyes?At least 30 cm5 cm15 cmDistance does not matter

The guide says it must never be closer than 300 mm.

Source: INSST, Guía técnica de pantallas de visualización (technical guide on display screens, 2021, in Spanish), comments on the annex, screen

14. With usual office monitors, what distance does the guide recommend?Between 10 and 20 cmBetween 40 and 75 cmBetween 1 and 2 metresMore than 3 metres

Usual office screen sizes need a distance of between 400 and 750 mm.

Source: INSST, Guía técnica de pantallas de visualización (technical guide on display screens, 2021, in Spanish), comments on the annex, screen

15. At what height should the screen be?With the centre above your headOn the floorWith the bottom edge at eye levelWith the top edge at eye level

The guide places the top at eye level, so you look between the horizontal and 40° below it.

Source: INSST, Guía técnica de pantallas de visualización (technical guide on display screens, 2021, in Spanish), comments on the annex, screen

16. What should the keyboard be like?Attached to the screenTiltable and separate from the screen, with space in front to rest arms and handsGlossy so it is easier to seeWith no space in front, to save desk room

That is what annex 1.c requires: tiltable, separate, matt and with space in front.

Source: Real Decreto 488/1997, sobre trabajos con equipos que incluyen pantallas de visualización (work with display screen equipment; consolidated text, in Spanish), annex, point 1.c

17. What does the decree require of the chair?Adjustable height and a backrest that reclines and adjusts in heightThat it is made of woodThat it has no backrestThat it has fixed armrests

Annex 1.e: a stable seat, adjustable height and a reclining backrest adjustable in height.

Source: Real Decreto 488/1997, sobre trabajos con equipos que incluyen pantallas de visualización (work with display screen equipment; consolidated text, in Spanish), annex, point 1.e

18. How many points of floor support does the INSST guide recommend for the chair?3451

The guide recommends chairs with 5 points of support on the floor, as well as adjustable seat depth.

Source: INSST, Guía técnica de pantallas de visualización (technical guide on display screens, 2021, in Spanish), comments on the annex, seat

19. Who is entitled to a footrest?Anyone who asks: the employer must make one availableOnly people over 60Only people under 1.50 m tallNobody: it is a luxury

Annex 1.e: a footrest shall be made available to anyone who wishes.

Source: Real Decreto 488/1997, sobre trabajos con equipos que incluyen pantallas de visualización (work with display screen equipment; consolidated text, in Spanish), annex, point 1.e

20. When you work with papers and the screen at the same time, what helps?Leaving the papers on the floorA stable, adjustable document holderPutting the papers behind the screenNothing: it makes no difference

A document holder reduces awkward head and eye movements (annex 1.d and INSST guide).

Source: Real Decreto 488/1997, sobre trabajos con equipos que incluyen pantallas de visualización (work with display screen equipment; consolidated text, in Spanish), annex, point 1.d · INSST, Guía técnica de pantallas de visualización (technical guide on display screens, 2021, in Spanish), comments on the annex, desk

21. What average light level does the INSST guide give for a workstation with screen and paper?Between 10 and 50 luxMore than 2,000 luxBetween 300 and 500 luxThere is no reference

The guide sets 300 lux for mainly screen work and 500 for paper; with both, between 300 and 500.

Source: INSST, Guía técnica de pantallas de visualización (technical guide on display screens, 2021, in Spanish), comments on the annex, lighting

22. What should the workstation windows have?NothingColoured glassThey must always be coveredAn adjustable cover (curtain or blind) to soften daylight

Annex 2.c requires windows to have a suitable, adjustable covering device.

Source: Real Decreto 488/1997, sobre trabajos con equipos que incluyen pantallas de visualización (work with display screen equipment; consolidated text, in Spanish), annex, point 2.c

23. Can your employer use software that measures how much you work without telling you?Yes, alwaysNo: it must inform you first and consult your representativesYes, at nightYes, if you are new

Annex 3.b forbids quantitative or qualitative checking devices without informing and consulting first.

Source: Real Decreto 488/1997, sobre trabajos con equipos que incluyen pantallas de visualización (work with display screen equipment; consolidated text, in Spanish), annex, point 3.b

24. What is the 20-20-20 rule in the INSST guide?Every 20 minutes, look at something about 6 metres away for 20 secondsWork 20 hours and rest 20 minutesSit 20 cm from the screenSet brightness to 20%

It is a visual rest exercise: 20 minutes, 20 feet (about 6 m), 20 seconds.

Source: INSST, Guía técnica de pantallas de visualización (technical guide on display screens, 2021, in Spanish), appendix 2, visual fatigue

25. Why do your eyes get dry when working on screen?Because of screen radiationBecause of the keyboardBecause when you stare you blink lessBecause the screen heats your eyes

The guide explains that staring reduces blinking and the cornea is less well lubricated.

Source: INSST, Guía técnica de pantallas de visualización (technical guide on display screens, 2021, in Spanish), appendix 2, visual fatigue

26. To avoid sitting too long, what does the INSST guide recommend?One long break at the end of the dayNot getting up so as not to lose focusAlways working standing upShort breaks, for example every 30 minutes, to get up and move

The guide suggests short breaks, for example every 30 minutes, with dynamic changes of posture.

Source: INSST, Guía técnica de pantallas de visualización (technical guide on display screens, 2021, in Spanish), appendix 2, physical problems

27. From what share of working time is remote work considered «regular»?At least 30% of working time over a three-month periodOne day a year100% of working timeMore than 80% of working time

Article 1 of Law 10/2021 sets a minimum of 30% of working time over a three-month reference period.

Source: Ley 10/2021, de 9 de julio, de trabajo a distancia (Law on remote work; consolidated text, in Spanish), article 1

28. How is the remote work agreement made?VerballyAfter a yearIn writing and before remote work startsNo agreement is needed

Article 6.1 requires it to be in writing and before remote work begins.

Source: Ley 10/2021, de 9 de julio, de trabajo a distancia (Law on remote work; consolidated text, in Spanish), article 6.1

29. Who pays the costs of telework (equipment, tools, means)?The workerThe employer: remote work must not cost you moneyThe tax officeHalf each, always

Article 12 requires the employer to pay or compensate the costs; article 11, to provide and maintain the equipment.

Source: Ley 10/2021, de 9 de julio, de trabajo a distancia (Law on remote work; consolidated text, in Spanish), articles 11 and 12

30. To assess telework risks at your home, what is assessed and what is needed for a visit?The whole home, without permissionNothing: there is no prevention at homeOnly the kitchenOnly the area where you work, and a visit needs your permission

The assessment covers only the area set up for work, and a home visit requires the worker's permission.

Source: Ley 10/2021, de 9 de julio, de trabajo a distancia (Law on remote work; consolidated text, in Spanish), article 16

Your PDF training certificate

Unlocked when you pass the test (24 out of 30).

Full name DNI or NIE (optional) Only printed on your PDF.

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This is a free-format training certificate. It is not the «basic level» prevention course, and it does not replace the risk assessment of your workstation or the training on its use that your employer must give you (Royal Decree 488/1997, article 5).

Next step: basic prevention

Screens are one risk among many. The occupational safety course covers the rest: your rights and duties, when you can stop work, signs, protective equipment and what to do if you have an accident.

Free course: Basic health and safety at work (PRL)8 modules · 30 questions→

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Final test: Display screens and telework

Final test: 30 questions

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